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Major cities of India:
Delhi:
By the official name National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is the largest metropolitian city by area and the second-largest metropolitans by population in India. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with more than 12.25 million.
Delhi, the capital of India, is an amalgam of the old and the new. The ancient and the modern times are in juxtaposition here, not only in the remains of a succession of empires, but equally in present social structure and lifestyles. The name Delhi is derived from Dhillika, the name of the first medieval township of Delhi, located on the southwestern border of the present Delhi, in Mehrauli.
This was the first in the series of seven medieval cities. It is also known as Yoginipura, that is, the fortress of the yoginis (female divinities). Delhiis a major travel gateway into India. It is one of India’s busiest entry points for overseas airlines and is on the overland route access across Asia.
Delhi is divided into two parts. The old Delhi or Delhi was one of the capitals of Muslim India between the 12th and 19th centuries. Old forts, mosques and monuments related to India’s Muslim history are located here.
New Delhi is the imperial city which was created as the capital by the British. It is spread over a wide area and is lined with imposing boulevards.
Mumbai:
Mumbai (till recently known as ‘Bombay’),Mumbai is the largest city in India with a population of 16,368,000. Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra, is the fastest moving, most affluent and industrialized city in India.
Mumbai is part of India’s beautiful west coast that runs down from Gujarat, through Mumbai to Goa, Karnataka and Kerala.
The city has a natural harbour, which was developed by the British. It is one of the busiest ports of India, handling approximately 40 percent ofIndia’s maritime trade.Mumbai is a group of seven islands which are today known as Colaba, Mahim, Mazgaon, Parel, Worli, Girgaun and Dongri. Large expanses of open sea have been filled in, and tidal swamps have been reclaimed for furthering the land area. These reclaimed areas include Churchgate andNariman Point.
Mumbai is home to people of all Indian creeds and cultures. It is a fascinating city, throbbing with life, and, for many people, the gateway to India.
Ahmedabad:
It is the largest city and former capital of Gujarat, nurtures a striking blend of the glorious past and a vibrant present. Named after a Sultan who founded it in 1411, the city is associated with Mahatma Gandhi, Father of the Nation, whose simple ashram on the banks of river Sabarmati is now a site of national pilgrimage.
Ahmedabad is a great textile and commercial centre and known as the “Manchester of India”. The city is today the second largest prosperous city in Western India and a place where tradition and modernity coexist in perfect harmony.
Bangalore:
Bangalore is known as the Silicon Valley of the country, the nerve – centre of India’s software industry. Its other major industries include aircraft, electronics and machine tools.
Despite being one of Asia’s fastest growing cities, Bangalore remains one of the most elegant metropolises in India.
A well – planned city, with tree – lined avenues, a large number of parks, gardens and lakes, Bangalore is aptly called India’s garden city. The city attracts people in large numbers, from all over the country, and abroad, who come to look for better job opportunities, and higher education.
Surprisingly, all this frantic industrial expansion and increase in the population, has not robbed Bangalore of its essential old-world appeal. It is, in the true sense, a very ‘happening’ city.
Kolkata:
The largest metropolis in India, Kolkota is a vibrant city on the move, volatile and unpredictable. The Gateway to India, till 1912, and the capital of the Raj in India, it still bears the Victorian imprint on its streets and structures.
A city just about ready to burst at the seams, Kolkota is home to more than 10 million people. It is the commercial nerve-centre of the East, with major industrial plants, textile mills and corporate units. Regal edifices, grubby alleys, bustling bazaars, elegant hotels, people from all walks of life - Kolkota has it all.
The city is a hub of fervent activity in the realms of music, theatre, arts, and sports. The intense dedication to the arts manifests itself in a plethora of festivals, dance, music performances and other cultural events. The Kolkotans are also famous for their all-consuming passion for sports, especially, football and cricket.
Chandigarh:
Chandigarh, designed by the French architect Le Corbusier, is the capital of the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana. Though Simla was chosen as temporary headquarters, the need for a permanent capital . Chandigarh, then became the new capital of Punjab and Haryana.
But the administration of the capital itself was neglected, which was solved, by making it a Union Territory under the Central Government on 1 November 1966.Covering an area of 56 square kilometres, Chandigarh is the first `planned’ city of India.
The city has neatly laid out roads and parks, buildings ranging against mountain peaks, boulevards and streets lined by endless rows of trees and shrubs. The city is named after the Goddess Chandi Devi, whose white – domed temple stands on the slope of a hill in the north east ofChandigarh, on the edge of the Shivalik hills.
Chennai:
Chennai, also known as Madras, the capital of Tamil Nadu, is the country’s fourth largest city. Compared to the other major metros of India, it is far less congested and polluted.
Chennai was the site of the first settlement of the East India Company. It was founded in 1639, on a piece of land given by the Raja ofChandragiri, the last representative of the Vijayanagar rulers of Hampi. Chennai, also known as Madras, the capital of Tamil Nadu, is the country’s fourth largest city.
Compared to the other major metros of India, it is far less congested and polluted. Chennai was the site of the first settlement of the East India Company. It was founded in 1639, on a piece of land given by the Raja of Chandragiri, the last representative of the Vijayanagar rulers of Hampi.
Hyderabad:
Hyderabad is the capital and the most populous city of the South Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is known as the “City of Pearls” and the “City of Nizams” .
Hyderabad has a population of over 4 million. The twin cities Hyderabad and Secunderabad are collectively known just as Hyderabad outside the state and together they form the sixth largest metropolis in India.
The city has been classified as an A-1 city in terms of development priorities, due to its size, population and impact. Hyderabad has developed into a major hub for the information technology industry in India. It is the capital of biotechnology and pharmaceutics of the country.
Hyderabad is the financial, economic and political capital of the state of Andhra Pradesh. The city is the largest contributor to the state’s gross domestic product, state tax and excise revenues.
Jaipur:
Popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. During the British rule in India, Jaipur was the capital of the princely state of Jaipur.
The city today has a population of more than 3.2 million. Jaipur is the first planned city of India, located in the semi-desert lands of Rajasthan. The city which once had been the capital of the royalty now is the capital city of Rajasthan.
At present, Jaipur is a major business center with all requisites of a metropolitan city. Jaipur district is a centre for both modern and traditional industries. The main industrial products include: acetylene gas, ACSR (Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced) cable, all-purpose flour (maida),atta flour, ball bearings, bottling of LPG, ceramics, pottery, and cold roll strips
Agra:
Agra is globally renowned as the city of the Taj Mahal. But this royal Mughal city has, in addition to the legendary Taj, many monuments thatepitomise the high point of Mughal architecture.
In the Mughal period, in the 16th and 17th centuries, Agra was the capital of India. It was here that the founder of the dynasty, Babar, laid out the first formal Persian garden on the banks of the river Yamuna.
Here, Akbar, his grandson raised the towering ramparts of the great Red Fort. Within its walls, Jehangir built rose-red palaces, courts and gardens, and Shahajahan embellished it with marble mosques, palaces and pavilions of gem-inlaid white marble.
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